A Complete Guide to the php.ini WordPress File

Is your WordPress site running slowly or showing strange errors? Are you experiencing performance issues on your site and want solutions?

From malware attacks to your site running out of storage space, there could be many reasons behind this. But, you’re likely here because you’ve heard that the php.ini WordPress file can help improve speed, fix upload issues, or manage memory limits.

You may have never heard of this file until today. In fact, you can go your entire life without knowing about php.ini and still run a successful WordPress site. There are several ways to make changes to your site without actually touching this file.

However, it remains an important core file, and understanding its function can deepen your site knowledge.

TL;DR: The php.ini WordPress file controls key settings for PHP, impacting how WordPress performs. It’s usually not accessible directly. However, knowing how to find and edit it can fix many WordPress site performance issues, such as memory limits and upload sizes.

The php.ini file is not a part of the WordPress file structure. But, this file is very important for a WordPress site to function. It sets rules for PHP, the language WordPress uses. If your site needs more memory or has trouble with uploads, changes in php.ini can often help. Without adjusting these settings, your site might not run as smoothly as it could.

This article will show you what the php.ini WordPress file is, where to find it, and how to edit it safely to keep your site in top shape.

What is the php.ini file in WordPress?

The php.ini file is a configuration file for PHP. PHP is the programming language that powers WordPress. Because of this connection, php.ini directly affects how your WordPress site performs. This file controls key functions like memory limits, file upload sizes, and error logging. By doing so, it ensures your site functions well.

Although php.ini is crucial for WordPress, it’s not exclusive to it. It’s a server-level file, not a site-level one. Changes to this file affect all PHP applications on your server, not just WordPress. That’s why most web hosts either stop you from accessing the php.ini file or do not let you access it directly. Those who do, do it via a cPanel PHP editor or other proprietary control panels.

Where to find the php.ini file in WordPress?

As we mentioned earlier, most web hosts don’t allow direct access to the php.ini file. Changes to this file can have widespread repercussions on your WordPress site server. Allowing everyone to edit it could lead to stability issues or security risks for your site. By restricting access, web hosts ensure that only authorized users can make changes to it. This also ensures that changes to php.ini don’t disrupt other sites on the server.

You can access the php.ini file if you are running your site on a dedicated server or if your web host lets you access it. You can find the file in the root directory, usually called public_html or www.

If you cannot find the file, use WordPress.org’s Health Check & Troubleshooting plugin. It’s a handy tool that gives you detailed information about important site files and their health, including the php.ini WordPress file.

Here’s how you can use the Health Check & Troubleshooting plugin to locate your site’s php.ini file:

1. Install the plugin from the WordPress repository and activate it.

2. Go to Tools > Site Health on your site’s wp-admin dashboard to access the plugin’s control panel.

3. Click on Tools within the control panel.

4. Open the PHP Info dropdown menu and click on View extended PHP information.

5. In the information shown, look for Loaded Configuration File which will tell you the location of your site’s php.ini file.

Note: You can create a php.ini file in your site’s root directory and add rules to it. This file can potentially override the settings on your site server’s php.ini. So be very careful when adding rules as it could break your site. Also, remember to take a full site backup before making any changes to your site.

How to edit the php.ini WordPress file?

Once you have located your site’s php.ini file, here’s how you can edit it:

Option 1: Use FTP

If you have direct access to the php.ini file, you can use an FTP client to edit it. We used the Filezilla FTP client to do so. The steps are the same as editing the wp-config.php file using FTP, except you are editing the php.ini file instead.

Option 2: Use a web host interface

Some web hosts provide an interface to edit php.ini settings. For example, if your web host uses cPanel to administer your site, you can use its MultiPHP INI Editor tool. If your web host uses its own proprietary interface, then it might have some other tool for this. Regardless of which tool it is, they let you change values easily and even add custom code.

Here, we will show you how you can use cPanel’s MultiPHP INI Editor tool to modify values on your site’s php.ini file:

1. Access your site’s cPanel and scroll down to the Software section.

2. Click on MultiPHP INI Editor to open it.

3. In the Basic Mode tab, select your site from the dropdown menu.

4. Ensure that the Path value shown under the dropdown menu is the correct location.

5. Now, you can modify the values as per your requirements.

Remember to take a full backup of your site before you make any changes here.

Option 3: Request help from your web host

If you can’t access php.ini directly or through an interface, you can ask your web host for help. Web hosts typically let you submit a support request to have them change your php.ini settings. Again, you must know what you are asking for. So read up before you ask for a change and ensure your support request is as detailed as possible.

Using .htaccess as an alternative

If none of the above methods work, you can try using the .htaccess file to override php.ini settings with PHP code. However, be aware that some web hosts either:

If you still want to try editing .htaccess, the sample code looks like:

php_value value_name value

Eg: php_value upload_max_filesize 64M

Remember, these methods can improve your site’s performance, but always proceed with caution to avoid potential issues. Don’t forget to take a backup before you start editing site files. This can help you restore your site in case of an error.

What can you change in the php.ini file in WordPress?

You can modify several important settings in the php.ini file to improve how your WordPress site functions. Here are some key changes you might consider:

Memory limit: This controls how much memory PHP scripts can use. You may increase it if your site needs more resources.

memory_limit = 256M

Max execution time: This limits how long a PHP script can run before it stops.

max_execution_time = 300

Error reporting: This setting defines how PHP errors are shown or logged. This can help debug your site if you are facing any issues.

error_reporting = E_ALL
display_errors = Off

Upload max filesize: This determines the maximum size of files you can upload to your site. It includes everything, from themes and plugins to media files like images and videos.

upload_max_filesize = 64M

Post max size: It sets the maximum size for the posts on your site and their related data. This value affects file uploads too. So ideally, you should set it to the same value as that of Upload Max Filesize.

post_max_size = 64M

Max file uploads: You can set how many files can be uploaded at the same time.

max_file_uploads = 20

Max input vars: It specifies how many input variables (GET/POST/COOKIE) can be accepted.

max_input_vars = 1000

Extensions: You can enable or disable PHP extensions or modules, which add functionality to your site.

extension=curl

Note: The Max input vars and Extensions values are quite technical for regular usage and can be skipped.

Best practices for editing the php.ini file in WordPress

When editing the php.ini file, follow these best practices to avoid issues:

• Always backup first: Before making changes, back up your entire site. While a backup doesn’t include the php.ini file, it ensures you can restore your site if something goes wrong. If you or your host need to reset php.ini due to a mistake, having a backup will help you reclaim your site.
• Locate the correct file: A typical WordPress installation might have multiple php.ini files. Use the Health Check & Troubleshooting (HC&T) plugin to find the right one to edit. You can also use SSH commands like ‘which php’ and ‘whereis php’ to locate the correct file.
• Only change settings you understand: Stick to modifying settings you clearly understand to prevent unwanted issues. If in doubt, read up about what each value does and how it affects your site.
• Make changes one by one and gradually: Change settings one at a time and note them down as you make them. Increase or decrease the values in gradual steps and see if it helps your site’s functioning. A steep jump, such as from 100 to 10000, can affect how your site functions, and even crash it. This cautious approach makes it easy to identify which setting might cause a problem if something goes wrong.
• Test changes after making them: After editing, test your site to ensure everything works well. This step confirms that the changes didn’t cause issues.

Final thoughts

The php.ini file controls how WordPress operates since it controls important PHP settings. It is crucial for defining parameters like memory limits and file upload sizes. However, keep in mind that these changes impact all PHP applications on your server, including WordPress.

This is why most web hosts don’t let you access php.ini directly. But if you can access it, follow best practices to ensure your site stays stable. Always take a backup before you change anything and test your site afterward to catch any problems.

Managing php.ini settings well can make your WordPress site run better. But remember, even the smallest of changes can affect your site and other PHP applications. So be very careful when making any changes.

FAQs

What is a php.ini file?

The php.ini file is a configuration file for PHP, the language that powers WordPress. It controls various settings like memory limits, file upload sizes, and error reporting, affecting how your WordPress site and other PHP applications run on your server.

Where is the php.ini file in WordPress?

The php.ini file in WordPress is usually located in the root directory of your server, often called public_html or www. However, not all web hosts let you access it directly. If you can’t find it, you can use the Health Check & Troubleshooting plugin to identify its location.

How to change php.ini settings?

To change php.ini settings, you can edit the file directly using FTP if you have access. Some web hosts offer a cPanel PHP Editor or a similar tool to change settings. If you can’t access php.ini, ask your web host to make changes for you. Alternatively, you can use the .htaccess file to override some settings, though this method sometimes has limitations.

What is the default php.ini file in WordPress?

WordPress itself doesn’t come with a default php.ini file. The php.ini file is part of the server’s PHP setup and not WordPress. Each server can have its default php.ini settings decided by the hosting provider. To view or modify these, you usually need server access or assistance from your web host.